Wastewater refers to the treatment of contaminated water and the treatment and disposal of the removed contaminants. When water is used for municipal and industrial purposes it can become contaminated. These contaminants must be removed from the water prior to its return to our environment or for reuse. The treatment on wastewater requires various processes that can involve chemistries and equipment.
Wastewater is all encompassing of the processes designed to produce water acceptable for discharge or reuse and the treatment of the contaminants removed for reuse, reclamation, or disposal.
Soluble and insoluble contaminants are precipitated, coagulated, flocculated, and or filtered from the wastewater. Once removed from the wastewater, these contaminates are now considered sludge or oily waste. These concentrated wastes still contain large amounts of water which must be removed prior to further processing.
The processing of the concentrated wastes can include sludge thickening, sludge dewatering, filtering, oil re-refining or other application specific treatments. The goal of sludge and oily waste treatment is to produce a product suitable for reclamation, reuse, or disposal in approved landfills.
The treatment of contaminated water allowing for discharge to public water treatment plants (POTW), public water ways or internal reuse.
1. Equalization: equalizes flow and contaminants
2. Primary Treatment: flotation and/or clarification removes suspended material
3. Secondary Treatment: removes dissolved and organics through biological action
4. Filtration: sand removes fine particles, carbon removes organics
5. Sludge Processing: removes water from sludge
6. Waste Oil Processing: removes water and solids from oil
| Activated carbon | Biocides | Coagulants |
| Defoamers | Filtration media | Flocculants |
| Heavy metals removal | Nutrient blends (Bioaugmentation) | Odor control |
| Permanganates | pH adjusters | Scale inhibitors |
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